通(tong)(tong)風櫥又叫通(tong)(tong)風柜(ju)(ju)是(shi)試(shi)驗室中最常(chang)用的(de)一種(zhong)(zhong)部分排(pai)風設(she)備，品種(zhong)(zhong)繁復(fu)，因為(wei)其(qi)布局不(bu)一樣(yang)，運用的(de)條件(jian)不(bu)一樣(yang)，其(qi)排(pai)風作(zuo)用也不(bu)相同。通(tong)(tong)風柜(ju)(ju)的(de)性通(tong)(tong)風櫥，首要(yao)取決(jue)于(yu)經(jing)過通(tong)(tong)風柜(ju)(ju)空氣移動的(de)速度。

　　通(tong)(tong)(tong)風(feng)(feng)櫥(chu)的(de)功(gong)用(yong)(yong)(yong)中(zhong)(zhong)最首要(yao)的(de)是排氣功(gong)用(yong)(yong)(yong)，在(zai)(zai)化學試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)室(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)，試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)操作(zuo)(zuo)時發生各種有(you)(you)害氣體(ti)、臭氣、濕氣以及易(yi)(yi)燃、易(yi)(yi)爆、腐蝕性物質(zhi)，為了(le)維護運(yun)(yun)用(yong)(yong)(yong)者的(de)安全，避免試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)污(wu)染(ran)物質(zhi)向試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)室(shi)分散，在(zai)(zai)污(wu)染(ran)源(yuan)鄰(lin)近(jin)要(yao)運(yun)(yun)用(yong)(yong)(yong)通(tong)(tong)(tong)風(feng)(feng)柜(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)，以往通(tong)(tong)(tong)風(feng)(feng)柜(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)運(yun)(yun)用(yong)(yong)(yong)臺數(shu)較少，只在(zai)(zai)格(ge)外有(you)(you)害且風(feng)(feng)險的(de)氣體(ti)及發生很多熱的(de)試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)中(zhong)(zhong)運(yun)(yun)用(yong)(yong)(yong)。通(tong)(tong)(tong)風(feng)(feng)柜(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)只背(bei)負試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)臺的(de)輔佐(zuo)功(gong)用(yong)(yong)(yong)。這(zhe)(zhe)些年思考到(dao)改(gai)進試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)環境(jing)，在(zai)(zai)試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)臺上進行的(de)試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)逐步(bu)轉移到(dao)通(tong)(tong)(tong)風(feng)(feng)柜(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)內，這(zhe)(zhe)就(jiu)需(xu)求在(zai)(zai)通(tong)(tong)(tong)風(feng)(feng)柜(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)里要(yao)有(you)(you)最適于設備運(yun)(yun)用(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)功(gong)用(yong)(yong)(yong)。格(ge)外是大(da)多新建(jian)的(de)試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)室(shi)都需(xu)求有(you)(you)空(kong)調(diao)，因此在(zai)(zai)修建(jian)的(de)開始設計階段(duan)就(jiu)要(yao)將通(tong)(tong)(tong)風(feng)(feng)柜(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)的(de)運(yun)(yun)用(yong)(yong)(yong)臺數(shu)歸入空(kong)調(diao)體(ti)系的(de)方(fang)案。因為通(tong)(tong)(tong)風(feng)(feng)柜(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)在(zai)(zai)生化試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)室(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)占(zhan)有(you)(you)非常重(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)的(de)方(fang)位，從(cong)改(gai)進試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)室(shi)環境(jing)、改(gai)進勞作(zuo)(zuo)衛生條件，進步(bu)工作(zuo)(zuo)效率等(deng)方(fang)面思考，通(tong)(tong)(tong)風(feng)(feng)柜(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)的(de)運(yun)(yun)用(yong)(yong)(yong)臺數(shu)騰躍地添加(jia)。隨之(zhi)而來的(de)是通(tong)(tong)(tong)風(feng)(feng)管道，配管、配線、排風(feng)(feng)等(deng)都變(bian)成試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)室(shi)建(jian)造的(de)重(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)課題。

　　運(yun)用(yong)通(tong)風(feng)櫥(chu)的(de)最(zui)大意圖(tu)是(shi)排出試(shi)驗中(zhong)發生的(de)有害氣體，維護試(shi)驗人員(yuan)的(de)安康，也就是(shi)說要有高度的(de)安全性和(he)優勝的(de)操作性，這就需求通(tong)風(feng)柜應具有如下功用(yong)：

　　(1) 開(kai)釋功用：應(ying)具有(you)將(jiang)通風(feng)柜內部(bu)發生的有(you)害(hai)氣體(ti)用吸收柜外氣體(ti)的辦法，使其稀(xi)釋后(hou)掃除(chu)室外的組(zu)織。

　　(2) 不倒流功(gong)用(yong)：應具有在通(tong)風(feng)(feng)柜內(nei)部由排風(feng)(feng)機發(fa)生的(de)(de)(de)氣(qi)流將(jiang)有害(hai)氣(qi) 體從通(tong)風(feng)(feng)柜內(nei)部不反向流進室內(nei)的(de)(de)(de)功(gong)用(yong)。為保證這一功(gong)用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)完(wan)成(cheng)，一臺通(tong)風(feng)(feng)柜與(yu)一臺通(tong)風(feng)(feng)機用(yong)單一管道銜(xian)接是最(zui)佳的(de)(de)(de)辦法，不能(neng)用(yong)單一管道銜(xian)接的(de)(de)(de)，也只限于同層同一房(fang)間的(de)(de)(de)可并連，通(tong)風(feng)(feng)機盡可能(neng)安裝在管道的(de)(de)(de)結尾(wei)(或層頂處)。 實驗(yan)室通(tong)風(feng)(feng)系統

　　(3) 阻隔功用：在通風柜(ju)前面應具用不滑(hua)動的玻(bo)璃視窗(chuang)將通風柜(ju)表里進行(xing)分隔。

　　(4) 彌補功用(yong)：應具有(you)在(zai)排出(chu)有(you)害氣(qi)體(ti)時，從(cong)通(tong)風柜外吸入空氣(qi)的通(tong)道或代替設(she)備。

　　(5) 操控風(feng)速(su)(su)功用：為(wei)避免通風(feng)柜(ju)內(nei)(nei)有(you)(you)害(hai)氣(qi)體逸(yi)出，需(xu)求有(you)(you)必(bi)定的(de)(de)(de)吸(xi)入(ru)速(su)(su)度。決議通風(feng)柜(ju)進風(feng)的(de)(de)(de)吸(xi)入(ru)速(su)(su)度的(de)(de)(de)要素有(you)(you)：試(shi)驗(yan)內(nei)(nei)容發生(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)熱量及與換氣(qi)次數(shu)的(de)(de)(de)聯(lian)系。其間首要的(de)(de)(de)是試(shi)驗(yan)內(nei)(nei)容和有(you)(you)害(hai)物(wu)(wu)的(de)(de)(de)性質(zhi)。一般(ban)規則，一般(ban)無毒(du)的(de)(de)(de)污染物(wu)(wu)為(wei)0.25―0.38m/s ，有(you)(you)毒(du)或(huo)有(you)(you)風(feng)險的(de)(de)(de)有(you)(you)害(hai)物(wu)(wu)為(wei)0.4―0.5 m/s ，劇毒(du)或(huo)有(you)(you)少數(shu)放(fang)射性為(wei)0.5―0.6m/s ,氣(qi)狀物(wu)(wu)為(wei)0.5m/s ,粒狀物(wu)(wu)為(wei)1m/s 。為(wei)了保證這樣(yang)的(de)(de)(de)風(feng)速(su)(su),排風(feng)機應有(you)(you)必(bi)要的(de)(de)(de)靜壓,即空氣(qi)經(jing)過通風(feng)管道(dao)時(shi)的(de)(de)(de)摩擦阻力(li)。斷定風(feng)速(su)(su)時(shi)還(huan)有(you)(you)必(bi)要注(zhu)意噪音疑問,經(jing)過空氣(qi)在(zai)管道(dao)內(nei)(nei)活動時(shi)以7―10m為(wei)限,超越10m將(jiang)發生(sheng)噪音,一般(ban)試(shi)驗(yan)室的(de)(de)(de)(室內(nei)(nei)背景噪聲級)噪聲約束(shu)值為(wei)70dba,添加管道(dao)裁面積會下降風(feng)速(su)(su),也就下降噪音,思考到管道(dao)的(de)(de)(de)經(jing)費和施工疑問,有(you)(you)必(bi)要穩(wen)重挑選管道(dao)及排風(feng)機的(de)(de)(de)功率。

　　(6) 耐熱及耐酸(suan)堿(jian)腐(fu)蝕(shi)功用(yong)：通(tong)風(feng)(feng)(feng)柜內有(you)(you)的(de)(de)(de)要安頓電爐(lu)，有(you)(you)的(de)(de)(de)試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)發生很多酸(suan)堿(jian)等有(you)(you)毒(du)有(you)(you)害(hai)氣體具有(you)(you)極強的(de)(de)(de)腐(fu)蝕(shi)性。通(tong)風(feng)(feng)(feng)柜的(de)(de)(de)臺面，襯板、側(ce)板及選用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)水咀(ju)、氣咀(ju)等都應具有(you)(you)防(fang)腐(fu)功用(yong)。在半導體職業或(huo)腐(fu)蝕(shi)性試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)中(zhong)運用(yong)硫酸(suan)、硝酸(suan)、氫氟酸(suan)等強酸(suan)的(de)(de)(de)場合還需求通(tong)風(feng)(feng)(feng)柜的(de)(de)(de)全(quan)體資(zi)(zi)料(liao)有(you)(you)必(bi)要防(fang)酸(suan)堿(jian)，須(xu)選用(yong)不銹鋼或(huo)pvc資(zi)(zi)料(liao)制(zhi)作。